Concrete pile.



Patented May 7, l90l. 1;. L. MOUCl-IEL.

coucnen: ms.

(Application filed Sept. 26, 1900.)

2 Sheets-8haat I.

(No Model.)

'INVLNTOR;

WIT/VESSfS:

P L E H C U 0 M L nm CONCRETE PILE.

(Application filed Sept. 26, 1900.:

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

//\ MENTOR:

Fig.5.

"m: NORRIS PETERS cu. FHDYO-LWHD wnsmwmon. n. c

UNTTEE STATES PATENT UEEICE.

GUSTAVE LOUIS MOUOHEL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

CONCRETE PILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 673,780, dated May 7, 1901. Application filed September 26, 1900. serial No, 81,151. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GUSTAVE LoUIs Mou- CHEL, engineer, of 124 Holborn, in the city of London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Concrete Piles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to concrete piles, and more particularly to an improved method of lengthening concrete pilesthat is to say, connecting two or more pile lengths together end to end to form a pile of the full length required. Hitherto the ordinary method of lengthening a concrete pile after it has been driven into the ground has been to build up on the head of the driven pile length a timber mold, which has then been used for molding another length of pile direct on the first length. That method entails great expenditure on account of the very great difficulty in the construction of a mold for each pile length on piles situated far apart from one another, and consequently without adequate means of securing the molds firmly in a perpendicular position. That method also entails great loss of time, because the new length must be allowed to set for about, one month before the driving of the lengthened pile can be resumed. In order to avoid such a check to the driving operations, recourse has frequently been had to the expedient of molding a pile in one piece of a far greater length than has been actually required, the length remaining in excess after the pile has been driven having to be cut off to waste, whereby time, labor, and valuable materials are lost. The

necessity of lengthening piles also frequently arises where piles are required of greater length than can be easily handled in one piece. Now I propose to obviate these very serious drawbacks according to this invention by molding the pile in separate lengths, each capable of being easily handled, and by form ing each pile length at its end where it is to be connected to the adjacent pile length with a central recess or socket of suitable dimensions. In driving the pile I first drive the first or bottom pile length with its shoe, and then in the socket in the upper end of this first pile length I insert a core-piece or mandrel so that it projects for about half its length out of the said socket. I then place the next or second pile length on the top of the first pile length, so that the projecting half of the core-piece or mandrel enters the socket formed in the lower end of the said second section. The ends of the two pile lengths may abut together or there may be a space left between them. around the adjacent ends of the two pile lengths, the said collar or sleeve being of such a length as to extend for a suitable distance in each direction beyond the ends of the sockets in the connected pile lengths, and I then resume the driving of the pile, which is now of the desired full length. When the pile has been fully driven home, I force grout into the space comprised between the core-piece and the walls of the sockets, and this grout in setting completes the connection between the two pile lengths. In some cases I may grout in the core-piece in the sockets with quicksetting cement before resuming the driving of the second pile length.

Any desired number of pile lengths may be connected together in the manner above de scribed in order to make a pile of the required full length.

The piles or pile lengths and the core-piece or mandrel may have any desired form in crosssection. The core-piece 0r mandrel may be made of metal alone or of concrete alone or.

of metal and concrete or of any other suitable hard material to which concrete will adhere.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 show my invention applied to hollow concrete piles of the kind described in my application for United States Patent, Serial No. 16,725, filed May 15, 1900. Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section,of the lower pile length before connection to the upper pile length. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the same pile length with the core-piece or mandrel in position. Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in section, of the upper and lower pile lengths after connection; and Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line A B of Fig. 3. Figs. 5, 6, and 7show a modified form of my invention applied toa solid concrete pile. Fig. 5 is an elevation, partly in section, of the lower pile length; and Fig. 6 is a similar view of the upper pile length before connection to each other; and Fig. 7 is an elevation, partly in section, of the two pile lengths after connection to each other.

1 is the lower pile length,composcd of a concrete body 2, having embedded in it a trans- I then clamp an iron collar or sleeve tore the cavity 8, and its ribs 13 fit against the versely b'raced longitudinal strengthening metal skeleton 3 and formed with a longitudinal cavity 4. The walls of the concrete body are further stiffened by the arrangement at intervals of its length of a number of transverse diaph ragms 5 6,0f concrete, molded in one piece withthe body. At the upper end of the pile length there are provided a number of binding rods or bars 7, of metal, which project for a short distance from the concrete and have their outer ends opened outforapurposehereinaftersetforth, These rods 7 may be separate from or they may form part of the metal skeleton 3. The uppermost diaphragm 5 is arranged some distance below the top ofthe pile length, so as to leave an open-ended circular cavity 8 above it in the upper part of the pile length. A central circular hole 9 is preferably formed through the diaphragm 5, and a corresponding hole 10 is also preferably formed in the diphragm 6.

11 is a solid core-piece or mandrel, of concrete, having embedded in it a strengthening metal skeleton 12. It is of somewhat less diameter than the cavity 8, and it ismade with four equally-spaced longitudinal ribs 13, the outer peripheries of which form arcsof a circle equal in diameter to the diameter of the cavity 8. v p

13 represents cross grooves intersecting the ribs 13 for a purpose hereinafter stated;

The core-piece may be formed with a lower extension 14 of the same diameter as the holes 9 and 10 in the diaphragms 5 and 6;

In connecting together two pile lengths the lower pile length 1 is driven into the ground and the core-piece 11 is inserted into the cavity 8 of the lower pile length, so that the extension lat when employed extends through the holes 9 and 10, while the core-piece 11 onwalls of the said cavity, leaving a narrow space between the core-piece and the said walls, as shown in Fig; 4;. The core-piece 11 is made more than double the length of the cavity 8, so that when inserted in the said cavityit will project rather more than half its length above the top of the lower pile length, as shown in Fig. 2. v

15 is the upper pile length, to be connected to the lower pile length 1. It is formed at its lower end with a circular cavity 16 of the same length and-diameter as the cavity 8, so that when the upper pile length 15 is placed over the lower pile length the pile length 15 will slip over the upper projecting part of the core-piece 11, which enters and fits the cavity 16 in the same manner as its lower portion enters and fits the cavity 8. A trans verse diaphragm 17, molded in one piece with the body of the upper pile length 15, forms the upper end of the cavity 16-. p

18 represents rods similar to the rods 7, projecting from the lower end of the upper pile length. As the length of the core-piece is greater than the total length of the two cavities 8 and 16, the adjacent ends of the two pile lengths will not be in contact with each other, but will stop short of each other by an amount which is slightly greater than the length of the projections 7 and 18, so that the diaphragm 17 serves to transmit the weight of the upper pile length to the core-piece, by which the weight is in turn transmitted to the diaphragm 5.

A collar 19 19*, consisting of channel or other section metal plates 19 19 bolted tog'ether, is then clamped around the adjacent ends of the two pile lengths, so as to extend for a suitable distance in each direction beyond the ends of the diaphragms 5 and 17, and the driving of the two pile lengths forming the pile 1 15, which is no'wof the desired full length, is then resumed. When the pile 1 15 has been fully driven home, grout is forced through a pipe 20, extending down through the pile length 15 and the diaphragm 17, into the spaces comprised between the core-piece l1 and the walls of the cavities 8 16 and around the binding-rods 7 and 18 in the annular space 21, comprised between the collar 12, the two pile lengths, and the corepiece The grooves 18 facilitate the passage of the grout from one space to another. This grout in setting completes the connection between the two pile lengths, thegrout joint 21 being greatly strengthened by the binding action of the binding-rods 7 and 18. In some cases l maygrout in the core-piece in the pile lengths with quick-setting cement before resuming the driving of the connected pile lengths. Y

The lower pile length mayhave a temporary head molded on it for driving purposes, said head being cut off after driving, or the the said pile length may be driven withouta temporary headthereon by utilizing the corepiece or mandrel 11 as a head for driving the said length; Thisform of joint is also obviously applicable to solid concrete piles, in which case the extension 14, and consequently thediaphragms 5'and 6, is dispensed with.

Referring to the modification shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, the lower pile length 22 is formed with a longitudinal strengthening metal skeleton, comprising longitudinal rods 23, which extend up to a suitable distance short of the upper end ofthe pile length and are continued up to said upper end in the form of tubes 24, the lower ends of which are slipped over the upper ends of the rods 23 and fined thereto by means of cotters 25. The tubes 24; are braced transversely together, as indicated at 26, and embedded in the concrete 22 in the same manner as are the rods 23. 7 represents binding-rods molded in the upper end of the pile length andprojecting for a short distance therefrom. The upper pile length 27 is molded with a longitudinal strengthening metal skeleton,comprising longitudinal rods 28, which project from the lower end of the pile length 27 for a distance Somewhat greater than the depth of the space in the tubes 24 which is left unoccupied by the rods 23 of the lower pile length. 18 represents binding-rods molded in the lower end of the pile length and projecting for a short distance therefrom. In connecting the two pile lengths 22 and 27 the lower pile length 22 is first driven, and then a metal collar 19 is clamped tightly around the upper end of the said pile length, so as to leave a considerable portion of the said collar projecting up beyond the upper end of the pile length 22, and rich grout is poured into the empty part of the collar 19, so as to also fill the tubes 24 in the lower pile length. Then the upper pile length 27 is dropped onto the lower pile length 22, so that the rods 28 enter the tubes 24 and become firmlygrouted therein, as shown in Fig. 7. The grout also fills up the space 21 around the rods 28 and the binding-rods 7 and 18, between the adjacent ends of the two pile lengths, the grout in excess escaping between the adjacent surfaces of the collar 19 and the pile lengths. The collar 19 is then tightened around the lower part of the upper pile length, and when the grout has set the connection between the two pile lengths is complete, and then driving of pile can be resumed. By the time that the iron collar 19 has rusted away the grout has become so hard as to render the strength of the joint independent of the aid of the said collar.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a concrete pile, the combination of a pile-body molded in lengths, cavities formed in the adjacent ends of said lengths, a corepiece engaging in the facing cavities of two adjacent lengths, and a cement joint filling the spaces between the said facing ends and between the core-piece and the walls of the cavities whereby two adjacent lengths of the pile are securely jointed together, substantially as set forth.

2.-In a concrete pile, the combination of a pile-body molded in lengths, cavities formed in the adjacent ends of said lengths, a corepiece engaging in the facing cavities of two adjacent lengths, a metal collar clamped around the said facing ends, and a cement joint filling the spaces between the said facing ends and between the core-piece and the walls of the cavities whereby two adjacent lengths of the pile are securely jointed together, substantially as set forth.

3. In aconcrete pile, the combination of a pile-body molded in lengths, cavities formed in the adjacent ends of said lengths, a corepiece engaging in the facing cavities of two adjacent lengths, a metal collar clamped around the said facing ends, a cement joint filling the spaces between the said facing ends and between the core-piece and the walls of the cavities and means for forcing cement grout into said spaces, whereby two adjacent lengths of the pile are securely jointed together, substantially as set forth.

4:. In a concrete pile, the combination of a pile-body molded in lengths, cavities formed in the adjacent ends of said lengths, binding-rods molded in the concrete around said cavities in said lengths and projecting into the space between said adjacent ends, a corepiece engaging in said cavities, a metal collar clamped around the said adjacent ends, and a cement joint filling the spaces between the said adjacent ends, and around said bindingrods and between the core-piece and the walls of the cavities, whereby two adjacent lengths of the pile are securely jointed together, substantially as set forth.

5. In a concrete pile, the combination of a pile-body molded in lengths, socket-tubes embedded in the upper end of a lower length, strengthening-rods molded in and projecting from the lower end of the upper length adjacent thereto and engaging in said sockettubes, and a cement joint filling the spaces between the rods and the tubes and between the adjacent ends of the two pile lengths whereby two adjacent lengths of the pile are securely jointed together, substantially as set forth.

6. In a concrete pile, the combination of a pile-body molded in lengths, socket-tubes embedded in the upper end of a lower length,

strengthening-rods molded in and projecting.

from the lower end of the upper length adjacent thereto and engaging in said sockettubes, a metal collar clamped around the adjacent ends of the said upper and lower lengths, and a cement joint filling the spaces between the rods and the tubes and between the adjacent ends of the two pile lengths whereby two adjacent lengths of the pile are securely jointed together, substantially as set forth.

7. In a concrete pile, the combination of a pile-body molded in lengths, socket-tubes embedded in the upper end of a lower length, binding-rods molded in and projecting from the upper end of said lower length, strengthening-rods molded in and projecting from the lower end of the upper length adjacent thereto and engaging in said socket-tubes, binding-rods molded in and projecting from said lower end, a metal collar clamped around the adjacent ends of the upperand lower lengths, and a cement joint filling the spaces between said strengthening-rods and said socket-tn bee and between said adjacent ends and also around the said binding-rods, whereby two adjacent lengths of the pile are securely jointed together, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GUSTAVE LOUIS MOUOI-IEL. Witnesses:

GEORGE O. BACON, ROBERT M. SPEARPOINT. 

